Ginger Essential Oils-Loaded Nanoemulsions: Potential Strategy to Manage Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease and Enhanced Rice Yield

The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (Xoo) is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce damage; however, these had limited success. Recently, scientists focusing their efforts on developing efficient environmentally friendly nanobactericides for controlling diseases in fields. In present study, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission (TEM), confocal laser (CLSM) were utilized investigate mode actions ginger EOs cell structure Xoo. cells grow abnormally, resulting an irregular form with hollow layers, whereas dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treatment showed typical rod shape Xoo cell. Ginger restricted growth production biofilms reducing number generated as indicated CLSM. Due instability, poor solubility, durability EOs, nanoemulsions approach was used, glasshouse trial performed assess efficacy BLB disease control. vitro antibacterial activity developed promising at different concentration (50–125 µL/mL) tested. concentration-dependent. There significant recorded higher concentrations. A revealed that managed suppress severity effectively. Treatment 125 ?L/mL best based suppression index, AUDPC value, reduction (DR), protection index (PI). Furthermore, findings plant growth, physiological features, parameters significantly enhanced compared positive control treatment. conclusion, results essential oils loaded-nanoemulsions are alternative synthetic antibiotics suppressing regulating disease, enhancing under trial.